ʻO ka papa helu kālā nui nui loa o ka honua iʻoi aku ma kahi o 290 miliona mau auneke o ka mea hana kālā aʻoi aku paha ma kahi o 35 pakeneka o ka hanaʻana o ka honua. Aia ka papa inoa ma lalo nei ma kaʻikepili mai ka Silver Institute. Ma waho o kēlā me kēia hui inoa, ka'āina kahi o kāna mauʻoihana mua a me ka nui o kāna kālā kālā (miliona miliona).
01 KGHM Polska Miedź SA (Poland) - 41.0
ʻO KGHM kekahi mea hana nui keleawe e hana ana iʻekolu mau mīkini ma Poland. ʻO ka Lubin koʻu uku wale nō he 1.1 pākēka wale nō ke keleawe, akā, ua heluʻia he 65 mau gramita i ke tona o ke kālā. Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia ke kālā o ka hui a kūʻaiʻia ma ke ano o ka bullion and granulate a ua hoʻopaʻaʻia ma lalo o ke KGHM HG ma ka London Bullion Market Association a me ka Hale Hui Pūʻulu o Dubai.
Profile Company: KGHM Polska
Kamupene Pūnaewele: www.kghm.pl
02 BHP Billiton plc (Australia) - 39.0
ʻO BHP Billiton, ka meaʻoihana nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ka Cannington mine ma Australia ka mea nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ka BHP Billitonʻo 39 miliona mau'elekia i lilo i kahi 5 pakeneka o kaʻu hana honua i ka makahiki. ʻO BHP Billiton kekahi o nā mea nui loa o ka honua e hana ana i ka aluminiuma , keleawe, manganese , hao hao, urakika , nickel , kālā, a me ka minerals.
Hoaʻana o ka Hui: BHP Billiton
Kamupene pūnaewele: www.bhpbilliton.com
03 Fresnillo plc (Mexico) - 36.9
Ma mua o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o ka miner kaiaulu'āinaʻo Industrias Peñoles, hoʻohanaʻo Fresnillo i nā minina gula a me ke kālā i Mexico. ʻOiai uaʻike ka Fresnillo aʻu i ka emiʻana o nā koina'ōlepele, ua noho mauʻo ia i ka momona kālā nui loa o ka honua. ʻO Fresnillo, me ko BHP's Cannington mine,ʻo ia wale nō nā minina kālāʻelua e hana i nā mea iʻoi aku ma mua o 14 miliona mau'eleka i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua heluʻia ka hui ma London Stock Exchange mai ka makahiki 2008.
Kamupene Pūnaewele: www.fresnilloplc.com
04 Goldcorp Inc. (Kanata) - 30.5
ʻOiaiʻo Goldcorp e pili ana i ka hanaʻana o ke gula,ʻo ia kekahi o ka mea nui loa a mea ulu ulu kālā. ʻO ka hapa nui o ke kālā e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia e like me ka huahana huahana mai ka hui kālā gula-ʻo- zinc -ʻo Zinc Mine ma Mexico.
Ka Hui Pūnaewele: www.goldcorp.com
05 Polymetal International plc (Russia) - 26.5
I ka hoʻomaka muaʻia i 1998 e like me JSC Polymetal, ua hoʻomauʻia ka Polymetal International ma ka hanaʻana i nā metala waiwai. ʻO Russia ka meaʻoihana waiwai nui loa, aia nā kamaliʻi i 36 mau palapala licenses e hana ma nā wahiʻehā o Rusia a me Kazakhstan. He 297 miliona mau'eleka o ka hui i hōʻoiaʻiʻoʻia a mālamaʻia paha nā'āpana kālā kālā a ua heluʻia ma nā Lāina Pāʻoihana o London a me Moscow.
06 Pan American Silver Corp (Canada) - 25.1
Hoʻolālāʻo Pan American Silver i nā minu kālāʻehiku ma Peru, Mexico, Argentina, a me Bolivia. Ua hui pūʻia me Pan American Energy Corp. i ka makahiki 1979.
Hui Pūnaewele: www.panamericansilver.com
07 Kualaina Minera SAA (Peru) - 22.0
ʻO ka mea hanahana kālā nui a Peru, hoʻomakaʻo Volcano i ka makahiki 1943 aʻo ka hana nui i ka hanaʻana i nā polymetallic ores,ʻo ka zinc, ke alakaʻi, ke keleawe, a me ke kālā. Ua māheleʻia nāʻoihana o ka hui iʻekolu mau hoʻolālā hoʻokele waiwai: Yauli, Cerro de Pasco, a me Chungar. Me kaʻilima kālāʻoihanaʻoi aku o ka 3.5 auneke o ke kālā ma ka ton,ʻo Yauli ka pūʻuluʻoihana kālā nui loa.
Kamupene pūnaewele: www.volcan.com.pe
08 Compania de Minas Buenaventura SAA (Peru) - 18.3
ʻO Buenaventura kahi hui nui loa o nā hui a hoʻolahaʻia e ka lehulehu aʻo ka meaʻoi loa o nā mea kuleana kuleana ma ka'āina. ʻO ka waiwai nui o ka huiʻo Uchucchacua koʻu. Ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4,000 mau mīmita ma mua aʻe o kaʻilikai, hāʻawiʻo Uchucchacua i 11.26 miliona mauʻele kālā i ka makahiki 2012, aʻo ia kaʻehāʻehā kālā nui ma ka honua. Ua hana ka mine mai ka makahiki 1975 a uaʻikeʻia e kahi kumu ukanaʻo-zinc-lead.
Kamupene pūnaewele: www.buenaventura.com/
09ʻO Coeur d'Alene Mines Corp. (USA / Mexico) - 18.0
ʻOiai ke poʻokela o ka Hale Paena i ka USA,ʻo Coeur d'Alene Mines ka hanaʻana i nā mines ma Mexiko, Bolivia,'Awelika a me nā USA. ʻO ka waiwai nui loa o ka huiʻo ia ka Palmarejo mine ma Mekikoka, e kū ana ma keʻano heʻeono kālā nui loa o ke ao, e hoʻonui ana i 8.24 miliona mauʻele. Wahi a Coeur d'Alene,ʻo nā kumukūʻai hana hana ma Palmarejo he $ 1.33 wale nō no kēlā me kēia'āpana kālā. ʻO Palmarejo, a me ka San Bartolomé mine ma Bolivia aʻo Rochester me Nevada, nā mea a pau e lawe mai i ke kālā a me ke gula i loko o ka hale doré, e hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia me nā mea puhi puhi a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i Mexico, Switzerland, Australia, Germany, Kina, a meʻAmelika Huipūʻia .
Kamupene Pūnaewele: www.coeur.com
10 Kula'Apana (USA / Mexico / Peru) - 13.6
Hoʻokumuʻia ke kālā a me ke gula ma nā mea kanu kūikawā nui mai kahi lepo anodic i loaʻa i nā mea kanu electrolytic. ʻO nā mea waiwai nui o ka hui e hoʻohanaʻia ana e ka Mexing Underground Mining Unit (IMMSA). ʻO ka hapa nui heʻumikūmālima a me ka hapalua o ka mana o ka Southern Copper Corp e mālamaʻia e ka Mexican mining conglomerate Grupo México. Ke kū nei ka hui ma waena o nā mea nui loa o ka honua e hana ana i ke keleawe, ke kālā, ka molybdenum , a me ka zinc.
Kamupene Pūnaewele: www.southernperu.com