ʻO ka Tellurium he mea liʻiliʻi kaumaha a maʻalahi paha i hoʻohanaʻia i nā'āpana'ōliki kila a me he semiconductor māmā i ke kelehana solar.
Nā Kuleana
- Hōʻike Manaʻo Atomic: Te
- Atomic Helu: 52
- Nā mea e hoʻohuiʻia: Metalloid
- Density: 6.24 g / cm 3
- Ka Melting Point: 841.12 ° F (449.51 ° C)
- ʻO Boiling Point: 1810 ° F (988 ° C)
- ʻO ka Mole o Moh: 2.25
Nāʻano
ʻO ke Tellurium kahi metalloid . ʻO Metalloids, a me nā'āpana pākahi, he mau'enemona i loaʻa nā waiwaiʻelua o nā metala a me nā mea hanaʻole.
ʻO ke kala momona ka mea kālā ma keʻanoʻeleʻele. Hiki i ka'enehi ke alakaʻi i ka hiamoe a me ka'ōpala me nā mea pilikia pūnaewele pūnaewele. Hōʻikeʻia kaʻona i Tellurium e ka punahele o ke kālapala maikaʻi i hanaʻia i loko o nā mea i hoʻopilikiaʻia.
ʻO ka metalloid he semiconductor e hōʻike ana i ka haweweʻeʻoi aʻe i ka wā e hōʻikeʻia ai i ka mālamalama a ma muli o ke kauʻana o ke anomi.
ʻO ka hana maʻamau ka nui o ka saidorum ma mua o ke gula, a no ka paʻakikī eʻike i ka lepo o ka lepo e like me ka mea o ka platinum (PGM), akā, no kona olaʻana i loko o nā kino hao keleawe i unuhiʻia a ua emi iho ka uku o kāna kumu kūʻai. ma mua o kēlā me kēia mea kila.
ʻAʻole eʻae aku ka Tellurium i ka ea a me ka wai a, ma keʻano i hoʻoheheʻeʻia, he kino ia i ke keleawe, ka hao a me ke kila kila
Mōʻaukala
ʻOiai uaʻikeʻoleʻo ia i kānaʻikeʻana, ua aʻoʻo Franz-Joseph Mueller von Reichenstein a wehewehe i ka hōʻike'ōlelo, aʻo ia i manaʻo mua he mea hōʻoia ia, e aʻo ana i nā kiʻi gula mai Transylvania i ka makahiki 1782.
He iwakālua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokaʻawale ke kanaka mele Germanʻo Martin Heinrich Klaproth i ka hōʻike, e kapa ana i ka'ōlelo, Latin no 'earth'.
ʻIke o Tellurium i ka hanaʻana i ka waihona me ke gula - he waiwai i kūlike i ka metalloid - i alakaʻiʻia i kona kuleana ma ka Western Australia i ka 19th century hanana gula.
ʻO Calaverite, he pūpū o ka saidurium a me ke gula, ua kuhihewaʻiaʻo ia he "waiwaiʻole"ʻole o nā mea 'hūpō' no nā makahiki he nui i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka'ōpala, e alakaʻi ana i kāna hana a hoʻohana i ka hoʻopihaʻana i nā'ōpū.
I ka manawa iʻikeʻia ai ua hiki i ke gula - heʻoiaʻiʻo, e hiki ke laweʻia mai ka pūpū mai, eʻeli pono ana i nā alanui ma Kalgoorlie i mea e loaʻa ai ka waiwai.
ʻO Columbia, Colorado i hoʻololi i kona inoa iā Telluride i ka makahiki 1887 ma hope o ka loaʻaʻana o ke gula ma nā wahi o kēlā wahi. ʻO keʻano palekana,ʻaʻole i kūpono nā ohe gula a iʻole kekahi mea hana'ē aʻe.
ʻAʻole naʻe i hoʻopaneʻeʻia nā noihana kālepa no ka statera a kokoke i kahi mau makahiki'ē aʻe.
I loko o nā makahiki 1960, hoʻomakaʻia ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka pūnaewele -telluride, he thermoelectric, semiconductive compound, i nā'āpana refrigeration. A, ma ia manawa hoʻokahi nō, ua hoʻomakaʻia ka hoʻohanaʻana o ka nariora e like me ke additive metallurgical i nā'enela a me nā pāla uila .
Huli i nā kiʻi photovoltaic cadmium-telluride (CdTe), nā lā i hiki i ka makahiki 1950, hoʻomakaʻo ke kūʻai i kaʻoihana kūʻai i nā makahiki 1990. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka noi no nā kumumānāwai,ʻo ka hopena o ka hoʻomohuʻana ma nāʻikeʻenehana hou ma hope o ka 2000, ua hāʻule i kekahi hopohopo e pili ana i ka lawaʻana o ka mea.
Ka hana
ʻO ka'opi o Anode, ka mea i kohiʻia i loko o ke kāpili keleawe electrolytic,ʻo ia ke kumu kumu o ka'atumu, i hanaʻia e like me ka huahana keleawe a me nā metala .
Hiki i nā kumu'ē aʻe ke komo i nā lepo lepo a me nā kinoea i hanaʻia i ka wā e alakaʻi ana , bismuth, gula, nickel a me ka platinum .
ʻO nā'alepo o ka anode, kahi i loko o nā selenid (kahi kumu nui o selenium) a me nā mea kīpili, he mau'oniuma contenturi kaʻoi aku o ka 5% a hiki ke'āmoʻi me ka sodium carbonate ma 932 ° F (500 ° C) e hoʻololi i ka Telluride i ka sodium ke kūkākūkā.
Me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka wai, e hoʻokuʻuʻia nā wīwī i nā mea i koe a hoʻololiʻia i ka diouride steam (TeO 2 ).
Ua hoʻemiʻia ka Tellurium dioxide e like me ka mea kila ma ka hanaʻana i ka waiona me ka sulfur dioxide i ka sulfuric acid. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka electrolysis.
ʻAʻole hiki keʻikeʻia nāʻikepili kūikawā no ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka naruamu, akā,ʻo ka hoʻolahaʻana i nā meaʻenehana o ka honua i kahi 600 600 metric.
ʻO nā'āina huahana nui loa,ʻo ia hoʻi nā USA, Iapana, a me Rusia.
ʻO Peru ka mea hana nui o ka'ōlelo hōʻailona a hiki i ka pauʻana o ke keʻena o La Oroya a me ke keʻena hana makaikai i ka makahiki 2009.
ʻO ka mea nui nā mea hōʻaihoʻi hōʻoki i kēia mau mea:
- Asarco (USA)
- Uralectromed (Lūkia)
- ʻO Umicore (Pelekania)
- 5N Plus (Canada)
ʻAʻole lawa ka palena o ka Tellurium no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā palapala hoʻopihapiha (ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea i hikiʻole ke ohi a maikaʻiʻia paha i ka maikaʻi).
Nā noi
ʻO ka hopena kumuhana no ka hōʻike,ʻo ka heluʻana e like me ka hapalua o ka mohameka a pau i hoʻopukaʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, aia i loko o nā leka kila a me ka hao i kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka hana.
ʻO ka Tellurium, ka mea i hoʻemiʻole i ka hoʻolālā eletise , ua hoʻohemoʻia hoʻi me ke keleawe no ka mea like a me ka alakaʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kū'ēʻana i ka luhi.
I ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā meaʻenekini, hoʻohanaʻia ka lerapona ma keʻano he mea hoʻolaha hoʻolaha a me ka mea holokiki i ka hana pahu, a me ka mea hoʻohālike i ka hana fiber synthetic a me ka hoʻonaniʻaila.
E like me ka mea i'ōleloʻia, nā huahana semiconductive a me nā māmā o ka mohamera ka mea hoʻi i hoʻohanaʻia ma CdTe pūnaewele lālā. Akā, he nui nā mea'ē aʻe i'elepona e like me ka noiʻana i kaʻeleʻele kiʻekiʻe.
- Ke kiʻi hoʻomalu (mercury-cadmium-telluride)
- ʻO nā mīkini kaʻina hoʻololi loli
- Nā mea kani infrared
- Nā hāmele hoʻolaulehu Thermo-electric
- Nā mea kaua maʻamau
Hoʻohanaʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻohana no loko o:
- Paupili uila
- ʻO nā'ōmole a me nā kumulāʻau (kahi i hoʻoulu ai i nāʻuli o ka uliuli a me ke kala)
- Nā DVD hou, CD a me Blu-ray (tellurium suboxide)