Nā wehewehe a me nā kumuhana
Ma kēiaʻatikala, e aʻoʻoe i ka ho'ākākaʻana o ka puʻuwai index, pehea e hoʻohana ai ke kālā o nā kumumanaʻo, a me nāʻano kiko'ī o nā helu kuhikuhi.
HōʻikeʻIke o ka Index Index
ʻO nā kumukūʻai Index ka waihona kālā e hanaʻia ana e nānā i ka hoʻihoʻiʻana o ka helu helu kūʻai. ʻO ka papa helu he hōʻuluʻulu o nā palekana e kū ana i kahi māhele o ka mākeke (kūʻaiʻai ukana, kahi kūʻai paʻa, a pēlā aku).
Ma waena o nāʻoihana kaulana i kūkulu i nā mea hōʻailona makaika he Standard & Poors aʻo Dow Jones.
Mālama ka waihona'āina ma kahi o nā palekana a pau i like me kona helu kuhikuhi. Hiki ke hoʻonohonohoʻia nā kumukūʻai Index e like me kahi'āpana kālā, kahi kālā kālā kālepa, aiʻole kahi hoʻokele kālā hoʻokele . ʻO nāʻoihana kaulana i hāʻawi i nā kumukūʻai hōkūʻo Vanguard, Fidelity a me T. Rowe Price.
Pehea ka mana?
ʻIkeʻia ka mālama ponoʻia o ka helu'āina no ka mea, ke hoʻopili hou nei ka luna kōpili o kēlā me kēia waihona kālā i ka papa kuhikuhi, ma mua o ka kūʻaiʻana i nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia e pili ana i kona manaʻo no nā kūlana kūpono / kūlana kūpono o nā palekana. Ma keʻano like, he pūnaeweleʻoihana i mālamaʻia i kahi manawaena waihona waiwai e kūʻai a kūʻai aku ana i nā mea palekana e pili ana i ka manaʻo e pili ana i nā puʻuwai e hoʻopau i nā pahuhopu o ka waihona.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mālamaʻana i nā puʻuwai helu kōkua e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai he emi, a laila e hoʻonui i ka hoʻiʻana i ka holo lōʻihi.
ʻO keʻano o ka pūnaewele hōʻailona mālamaʻia ka mālamaʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana o nā waihona, a he kōkua nō hoʻi ia e hōʻemi i nāʻauhau mai nā puʻu kālā waiwai e pili ana i nāʻauhauʻauhau.
Nā uku
Aia nā kumukūʻai o ka hōʻailona kālā i nā hanana kālā e like me nā kālā likeʻole. E like me nā kālā'ē aʻe, e loaʻa nā waihona kālā likeʻole ma ka papa kālā (Class A, B, C, a me nā mea'ē aʻe).ʻO ka mea maʻamau,ʻo nā kumukūʻai nui o ka loaʻaʻana o ka waihona kālā hōʻemi ma lalo o kahi pūnaewele paʻa.
Eia naʻe,ʻo kēlā mau kumukūʻai a pau e kau nuiʻia ma ka waihona kālā o kaʻahahui e hāʻawi aku i nā kālā a me ka hōʻailona e hilinaʻiʻia ana e ka pūnaewele. I nā hua'ōlelo'ē aʻe,ʻaʻole hiki iāʻoe ke'ōlelo palekana me ka uku aku o nā kumukūʻai hōʻemi a pau ma mua o nā kālā a pau i hanaʻia.
Inā makemakeʻoe e hoʻokomo i nā kālā nui o ka helu kālā nui US, hiki iāʻoe ke kūʻai i nā Vanguard 500 Index Fund Investors Shares (VFINX). I ka hanaʻana pēlā,ʻaʻoleʻoe e uku i ke kāki kūʻai kūʻai mua, aʻo kāu huina kālā hoʻonui mau ka mea kūʻai he 0.16%. Mai noʻonoʻoʻoe i nā kumukūʻai hōʻemi a pau. Eia kekahi laʻana, he nui nā kumukūʻai papa helu'ē aʻe e pili ana i ka S & P 500 Index e loaʻa nā lakio lilo e like me 1.50% aʻoi aʻe paha; ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa ma mua o ka Vanguard 500 Index Fund. Ma hope o ka kohoʻana i kahi index āu e makemake ai e kūʻai, e hōʻoia i ka noiʻiʻana i nā kumukūʻai o nā koho koho.
Hele mai lākou i nāʻano likeʻole a me nā'āpana
Ke hele mai nā hua'ōlelo i nāʻano likeʻole. Hiki i kekahi mau hōʻailona ke komo aku i ka paukū o nā lāʻau i ka US (e like me ka Wilshire 5000 Index) aiʻole nā aupuni'ē aʻe (e like me ka MSCI Brazil Index). Hiki paha i nā huapalapala he mau waihonaʻoluʻolu'ē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana, hōʻinoʻo Standard & Poor i ka helu S & P 1500 Composite i loko o nā 'ōlelo likeʻole. ʻO ka S & P 500 / Citigroup Value Index e komo pū me nā lāʻau nui loa ma ka S & P 1500 i manaʻoʻia he mau waiwai waiwai.
ʻO ka S & P SmallCap 600 / Citigroup Growth Index e komo ana i nā kumukūʻaiʻoi loa o ka S & P 1500 i manaʻoʻia he mau ulu ulu .
I nā makahiki i hala koke iho nei, ua hanaʻia nā mākaʻeleʻele e hiki ai i nā mea kālā ke hoʻolālā i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻohana i nāʻoihana iʻoi aku kaʻoihana. ʻO nā mea kālā e makemake ana e hoʻokomo i nā waiwai, nā kālā'ē, a nā poʻeʻoihana e pili ana i nāʻoihana e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai helu.