E loaʻa i nā pane i nā nīnau e pili ana i kaʻauhauʻauhau kālā
Akā, ma mua o ka loaʻaʻana o nā nīnau a me nā pane ma kaʻauhau kālā kālepa, e mālama i kēia mau pūʻulu moʻomanaʻo:
No kaʻauhau, aiaʻelua mauʻano kumu waiwai mālama kālā:
- Kāuʻauhauʻauhau: ʻO kēia ke kālā i ukuʻia me nā kālāʻauhau ma hope o kaʻauhau a me nā kālā, e like me nā'āpana a me ka ukupanee, he meaʻauhauʻia i ka mea kālā kālā i ka makahiki i loaʻa iā ia. Eia pū, loaʻa nā uku (nā loaʻa) i ka wā e kūʻaiʻia ana nāʻauhau. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau moʻolelo e pili ana i nā hoʻopiʻi hoʻolimalima kālā pūʻali, nā pūnaewele hoʻokaʻahui pūʻulu, a me nā helu mālama waiwai ma nāʻaukā.
- Kaʻauhauʻauhau i hōʻemiʻia: ʻO kēia ka waihona kālā i ukuʻia ma mua o kaʻauhau kālā a me ka uku (ulu) o ka hoʻokomoʻana i loko o ka moʻokākiʻaʻole i ukuʻia inā lōʻihi ka waihoʻana o nā waihona i loko o kaʻike. ʻO nā lālā he IRA, 401 (k) a me nā makahiki.
A no ka mea nuiʻole, ke pane aku nei wau iāʻoe i nā pane i kaʻauhau waihona kālā i nīnau pinepineʻia i nā nīnau (FAQ):
Pehea e hoʻonuiʻia ka Dividend Fund Dividends?
ʻO nā māhele e uku i nā mea kuleana (nā mea waiwai) o nā ukana, nāʻaina, a me nā kālā'ai'ē. ʻO kēia mau uku kuʻuna i ka waiwai o ka hui i māheleʻia i waena o ka poʻe kuleana. E koho ka poʻe hui kālā i nā mea koho kālā inā lākou e makemake i nā'āpana kālā e hoʻokumu houʻia (e kūʻai i nā kuleana hou o ka waihona kālā) aiʻole e laweʻia e like me ke kālā a i hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o kekahi pūʻulu'ē aʻe.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he hiki ke hoʻoiliʻia nā mea'ai'ē ma ka waihona kālā, inā paha ua loaʻa kēia mau makana i ke kālā a iʻole e hoʻolilo houʻia i nā'āpana'ē aʻe o ka waihona.
ʻO ka'eneke kālā o nā Mānai e kau nuiʻia ma keʻano he kālā maʻamau (auhauʻia ma ka uku kālāʻauhau kālā a kēlā me kēia kanaka) a ma keʻano he māhele kūpono (auhau i kahi 15% maximum). Ua hōʻikeʻia nā kuʻuna maʻamau a me nā kūlana kūpono i ka waihona kālā kālā ma ka'āpana kālā 1099-DIV . No ka hoʻolimalimaʻana i kaʻauhau, na ke kanaka waihona kālā e hoʻopuka i nā'āpana ma ka Pepa 1040, Hōʻike B, a me ka Pepa 1040, nā laina 9a a me 9b.
He aha kaʻu hana me kaʻu 1099 Form?
Inā loaʻa iāʻoe he 1099,ʻo ia hoʻi he mea'ai'ēʻoe i kaʻauhau? Aia nāʻoihana he 1010 aʻoi aku ma mua o nā hanana 1099 aʻo nā puka 1099 e like me nā mea likeʻole, e like me nā'āpana, nā kālā waiwai kālā, a me nā māhele hoʻomaha (IRA, 401k, 403b). ʻO nā 1099-R, 1099-DIV, 1099-INT a me 1099-Q nā mea likeʻole.
- 1099-R: Pono e hoʻounaʻia kēia palapala iāʻoe mai ka mea mālama i ka pūʻalina hōʻalima, e like me ka IRA, ka makahiki, ka penihana, ka hoʻolimalima kālā palekana a 401 (k) ke kumumanaʻo , ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia kekahiʻano i ka makahikiʻauhau. E hoʻomanaʻo i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻoleʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i ke kālā . E hoʻohālike,ʻo ka hoʻohālikeʻana, ua hoʻoneʻeʻia ke kālā mai loko mai o kaʻike. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nāʻano o nā māhele e komo i kahi hoʻokaʻawale a hapa piha paha a iʻole ka IRA rollover.
- 1099-DIV: Ua hoʻounaʻia kēia palapala i kahi mea kālā mai kahi hui kālā kālā e hōʻike i ka moʻolelo o nā kuleana a me nā uku kālā i ukuʻia i ka mea kālā kālā i ka makahikiʻauhau. Hiki i kekahi poʻe kālā kālā ke hoʻoweliweli me ka puka 1099-DIV no ka meaʻaʻole i loaʻa iā lākou kekahiʻano o ka uku kālā mai kekahi'āpana a pane waiwai paha i loko o ka makahiki. Inā pahaʻoe e koho i ka loaʻaʻana o nā'āpana waiwai i hoʻokumu houʻia, ua loaʻa iāʻoe ka puʻunaue. A ināʻaʻoleʻoe i kūʻai aku i kekahi'āpana o kāu kālā kāleka, e hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i ka loaʻa kālā ma ke kālā.
- 1099-INT: Ua hoʻounaʻia kēia palapala mai nāʻahahui, e like me nāʻaʻa wai, i nā mea nāna i mālama i ka waihona kālā i loaʻa nā uku ukiuki ma kahi o $ 10 i ka makahikiʻauhau. ʻO ka hoihoi,ʻaʻole e kānaluaʻia me nā'āpana, he mea maʻalahi ia i nā waihona kālā mālama kālā, nā Palapala Hoʻokaʻawale, a me kaʻike kālā kālā .
- 1099-Q: Hoʻounaʻia kēia palapala i nā mea kālā i loaʻa ka hāʻawiʻana mai kahi waihona mālama mālama hoʻonaʻauaoʻo Coverdell (ESA) aiʻole Section 529 Plan. ʻO ka mea maʻamau,ʻaʻole pono nāʻauhau kālā e uku i nāʻauhau ma nā māhele i emiʻole a like paha me nā uku hoʻonaʻauao kūpono .
Hoʻouna pinepineʻia nā pepa 1099 i ka IRS a me ka meaʻauhau pū kekahi mai ke kula (ʻo ia hoʻi ka hui pūʻulu a kāleka) nāna i puʻunaue i ka hoʻokaʻawale, ka waiwai waiwai, ka hoihoi a me ka hoʻokaʻawale kālā. No laila,ʻaʻole pono i kēlā me kēia mea ke hoʻouna aku i kā lākou kope i ka IRS me kā lākouʻauhau kālā.
Eia naʻe, pono pono ke mālama i nā 1099 a me nā palapala'ē aʻe e hāʻawi ana i kā lākou mau hōʻike kākoʻo no kāuʻoihanaʻauhau a me kaʻauhauʻole. I nā hua'ōlelo'ē aʻe, pono e hoʻomākaukau nā mea kālā no nā hoʻoponopono kālā , aʻo ia ka mea e pono ai nā palapala no kāu hoʻoponopono kālā.
ʻO ka pepa 5498 he palapalaʻauhau i hāʻawiʻia i nā mea i loaʻa i nāʻauhauʻauhauʻauhau, e like me ka IRA, Roth IRA, SEP-IRA, aiʻole IRA ponoʻole. Hoʻounaʻia kēia pepa e ke keʻena kālā i kahi āu e mālama ai i kāu moʻokāki a hoʻounaʻia kekahi kope i ka IRS. No laila,ʻaʻole ponoʻoe e hoʻouna aku i kāu 5498 i ka IRS me kāu kālā makahiki 1040. E loaʻa iāʻoe kahi puka he 5498 no kēlā me kēia me kēia mau pilikino e paʻa ana iāʻoe.
ʻO ka palapala 5498 no kaʻikeʻikepili a me nā kālā i loaʻa i kāu i hana ai, ka waiwai kūpono o ka mākeke e like me ka hopena o ka makahiki, a me kaʻike no ka laweʻana i nā kaulike iʻoi aku. Me ka 1099-R , e hoʻounaʻia kāu 5498 (hoʻounaʻia) e Ianuali 31, ma hope o ka makahikiʻauhau.
He aha nā Mutual Fund Fund Gains Distributions?
Hiki i nā kālā kālā ke mālama i nā hanana a iʻole i nā haneli haneli. ʻO ka manawa pinepine e kūʻai aku ka luna o ka pūʻulu ma ke kūʻai a kūʻai aku i nā'āpana o kekahi mau kiko'ī i loko o ka waihona kālā i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke kūʻai aku ka mea kūʻai i nā lāʻau i loaʻa i ka waiwai mai ka manawa i kūʻaiʻia ai ia mau lāʻau, e hoʻolaha kēia mau hana i nā waiwai kālā, a laila hāʻawiʻia i ka mea kālā.
Pehea e hoʻonui ai au i ka Basis Basis ma nā Mutual Funds?
Hoʻohanaʻia nā kumu kumu kūʻai no ka hoʻoholoʻana i kāu waiwai a me ka poho no nāʻauhauʻauhau ke kūʻaiʻoe i kāu kālā likeʻole (aiʻole nāʻano hoʻohālike). ʻO ke kumukūʻai kumu kūʻai ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o kekahi puʻu kālā (aiʻole kekahi waiwai) me nā'āpana hou a me nā'āpana waiwai kālā i hoʻoliloʻia i ka hapa.
Eʻoluʻolu ināʻoe e kūʻai i kāu kālā kāleka i kahi kiʻekiʻeʻoi aku (i hōʻikeʻia ma kahi Nona waiwai nui a iʻole ka NAV ) ma mua o kou kūʻaiʻana mai, he waiwai kāu. Inā kūʻai akuʻoe i ka uku haʻahaʻa, loaʻa iāʻoe kahi nalo.
Akā, pehea ka hopena ke kūʻaiʻoe i nā mahele o ke kālā kālā ma nā manawa a me nā kumukūʻai?
Ke loaʻa iāʻoe nā puʻu kālā kāleka ma nā manawa a me nā kumukūʻai, ponoʻoe e helu i ke kumu kumu.
No ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana i ke kumuhana (From: IRS.Gov - Mutual Funds (Costs, Distributions, etc.))
- E hoʻonui i ka uku o nā kuleana a pau āu i loaʻa i loko o ka waihona kālā.
- E hoʻokaʻawale i kēlā hopena ma ka helu nui o nā kuleana āu. Hāʻawi kēia iāʻoe i kāu kaulike ma ke kaʻana.
- E hoʻonui i ka 'awelika o kēlā me kēia mahele ma ka helu o nāʻene i kūʻai.
ʻAʻole hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohana hou i keʻano kālua pālua no kaʻikeʻana i kāu kumu kaulike.
He aha kaʻike no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻoleʻana (NUA)?
Hiki ke hōʻoiaʻia kaʻenehana no kaʻikeʻoleʻana (NUA) i ka wā e haʻalele aiʻoe i kāu'ōnaehana kālā mai kāu 401 (k) a hoʻololi i kahi pūkewele hōʻai'ē. He mea nui ka NUA inā loaʻa iāʻoe kahiʻoihanaʻoihana i mahalo nuiʻia a ke hoʻololi neiʻoe i ke kumukūʻai mai kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolimalima i kākoʻoʻia e ka lunaʻauhau, e like me 401 (k). E hoʻomanaʻo i nā māhele e like me kēia e hāʻawi waleʻia wale nō inā loaʻa iāʻoe kekahi hanana hoʻomaka, e like me ka hoʻomahaʻana a me ka hoʻopauʻiaʻana o ka hana.
Ma ka maheleʻana,ʻaʻole ke koiʻia ka NUA i kaʻauhau kālā loaʻa. No laila, hiki i ke akamai ke hana i ka hoʻoiliʻana o nā'ōnaehana i loko o kahi pūnaewele hoʻopau pinepine, ma mua aʻe o kekahi kaʻaʻauʻaʻauhauʻauhau i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia, e like me ka'Ilepaʻi Hoʻohaʻi Kuleana (IRA).
Ma kēiaʻano, eʻauhauʻia ka waiwai ma kāu mau haʻawina (inā hoʻoholoʻoe e kūʻai i nā kuleana) i nā hōʻemi uku waiwai wā lōʻihi, hiki ke emi mai he 15%. Eia naʻe, inā e hoʻololiʻoe i kāu'ilihui kālā i kahi IRA, eʻauhauʻia nā palapala hōʻoki a pau i nā uku uku kālā, hiki ke piʻi i kahi 35%.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu keʻae i kaʻauhauʻelua o nā kālā kālā?
ʻAʻole like nā kālā o ka Mutual me nā waiwai pale kālā'ē aʻe, e like me nā ukana, no ka mea, he mau papa helu likeʻole lākou, i kapaʻia he mau puʻuwai kālā i hoʻopaʻaʻia he mau haneli a he mau haneli'ē aʻe.
No laila,ʻo ka hanaʻauhau e mālamaʻia ana ma keʻano he mahele o ka hoʻoponopono kālā kāleka e hele ana ma luna o ka ukuʻauhau iāʻoe,ʻo ka waihona kālā kālā. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā loaʻa nā'āpana waiwai ma kahi'āpana kālā, a laila, kūʻai ka luna o ke kālā i ka waiwai iʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kona ukuʻana, e ukuʻoe i ke kālā ma nā'āpanaʻelua: 1) ke auhau nuiʻia e like me ke kālā loaʻa, a 2) Ke kālā uku kālā, e auhauʻia i nā uku uku uku.
A inā pahaʻoe wale nō i mālama i ka waihona kālā no kekahi mau mahina aʻaʻoleʻoe i kūʻai aku i kekahi'āpana, hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi'āpana waiwai waiwai wā lōʻihi (ʻoiai e mālamaʻia ka waihona kālā no nā makahiki iʻoi aku i hoʻokahi makahiki) . No laila,ʻo nā auhau i hāʻawiʻia iāʻoe no nā hana i loko o ka pūʻulu kālā,ʻaʻole no kāu mau hana hoʻolālā pono'ī.
Ke heleʻoe e kūʻai i kāu kākoʻo kālā, e hoʻomanaʻo inā uaʻauʻaʻoe i nāʻauhau ma nā'āpana i hoʻokumu houʻia. Eia kekahi laʻana, ināʻoe e kūʻai i kahi kālā ma kahi $ 10,000 a kūʻai lilo aku ma hope o $ 15,000, e ukuʻoe i kahi kālā $ 5,000 uku kālā kālā,ʻoiaʻiʻo? ʻAʻole pono! Inā uaʻauhauʻoe i nāʻauhau ma luna o $ 1,000 o nā mahele i kāu manawa mālama,ʻo kāu puʻu kālā i $ 4,000 wale nō.
Pehea au e hoʻolimalima ai i nā kālā hoʻolimalima a hoʻemi i nāʻauhau?
Ua hāʻawi nui pahaʻoe i ka noʻonoʻo i ka koho koho a ua hoʻokumu i nā palena no ka hoʻoiliʻana i ka waiwai akāʻaʻole pahaʻoe i noʻonoʻo nui i ka wahi waiwai a iʻole kahi i kākoʻo ponoʻia ai kāu kālā .
ʻO kaʻauhau he nui loa ia i nā pūʻulu iʻauhauʻia ma kaʻauhau ma mua o nā hōʻike hoʻoili. ʻO ka kūʻaiʻana i nā kālā kālā i loko o kahi pūʻulu iʻauhauʻia, pēlā i ka IRA aiʻole 401 (k),ʻaʻole e hoʻonui i kaʻauhau kālā. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, kūʻaiʻole ke kālā kālā i nāʻauhau a pau (ʻoiai e pili ana nā uku kālā'ē aʻe). Eia nō hoʻi,ʻaʻole e kauʻia nā kālā mai ka dividend ma IRA a 401 (k) a hiki i ka hoʻohuliʻana i kahi manawa hope, e like me ka hoʻomaha.
E hoʻomanaʻo i nāʻauhau i mālamaʻia i loko o ka waihona kālā hoʻokaʻa kālā e auhauʻia ma nā kālā waiwai kālā a me nā kālā loaʻa kālā (dividends). Eia kekahi laʻana, ināʻoe e kūʻai i kahi'āpana kālā ma ke kumukūʻai ( NAV ) ma mua o ke kumukūʻai āu i kūʻai ai, e loaʻa iāʻoe kahi waiwai waiwai e loaʻa ai kāu uku. Eia kekahi,ʻo kēlā me kēia kālā loaʻa kālā (nā makana) i loaʻa ma ka hoʻokomo kālāʻana i ka helu kālā hoʻoiliʻia e heluʻia ma keʻano loaʻa kālā, e like me ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka uku mai ka mea hana.
No laila, inā hiki a kūpono hoʻi i kāu mau kumuhana waiwai, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻemi i nāʻauhau ma o ka mālamaʻana i nā kālā kālā e loaʻa ai, e like me ke kālā no ka hōʻai'ē a me ka hoʻokomoʻana i nā kālā kālā, i kāu 401 (k) aiʻole IRA, a mālama hoʻi i kāu kālā , e like me ke kālā ulu waiwai, nā kālā ukana liʻiliʻi, nā kumukūʻai helu, a me nā ETF, i loko o kāu pūnaeke hoʻokaʻa kālāʻauhau.
ʻIke 550 ka IRS ma kahi eʻike aiʻoe i kaʻike nui e pili ana i ka mālama kālā no nā kālā kālā a me nā kālā kālā kālā.
Hoʻomaopopoʻo Pub 550:
- he aha ka waiwaiʻauhau kālā kālā a he aha ka uku o ka hoʻokele kālā e hiki ke unuhiʻia,
- i ka manawa a me pehea e hōʻike ai i kēia mau mea ma kāu panehoʻiʻauhau,
- pehea e hoʻoholo ai a hōʻike i nā loaʻa a me nā lilo i ka hoʻolimalimaʻana i nā waiwai waiwai hoʻolimalima,
- a me kaʻike e pili ana i nāʻoihana waiwai a me nā hale waihona kālā.
He aha ka uku o ka ukuʻauhau a pehea e loaʻa ai iaʻu?
ʻO ka uku hoʻolālāʻauhau ke ana i ka nui o ka makahiki o ka hoʻihoʻiʻana o ka mea kālā kālā i kaʻauhau. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā he 2% ka huina kālā kālāʻauhau o kahi hui hoʻokahi a he 10% ka hoʻihoʻiʻana o ka waihona,ʻo ka waihona pūnaewele o ka waihona kālā ma hope o kaʻauhau he 8%. No ka loaʻaʻana o nā kālāʻauhauʻauhau, e nānāʻoe no nā uku kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Morningstar kahi pūnaewele noiʻi a me ka hoʻopilipili kālā e hoʻohui ana a hāʻawi i ka palenaʻauhauʻauhau. Eia ke ala e loaʻa ai ma kā lākou pūnaewele:
- E hele i Morningstar.com.
- E hoʻokomo i ka hōʻailona ma kaʻaoʻao o kaʻaoʻao.
- I kēia manawa, aiaʻoe ma kaʻaoʻao "quote" o ka waihona kālā.
- E kaomi i ka hono "Auhau" ma luna o ka mea pono ma lalo o ka inoa kālā.
- ʻO ka palenaʻauhauʻauhau ma kēiaʻaoʻao.
Inā he mau nīnau'ē aʻe kāu, mai makaʻuʻoe e ho'āʻo i ka pūnaewele pūnaewele hōʻailona ma IRS.gov. ʻAʻole i maʻalahi ka mea āu e noʻonoʻo ai!
Ka Hoʻohaha: ʻO kaʻike ma kēia pūnaewele ua hāʻawiʻia no nā papa kūkā wale nō, aʻaʻole pono e kuhihewaʻia e like me ka'ōleloʻauhau a me nā'ōlelo hoʻokele. E kālepa i kekahi mea kaulikeʻauhau no ke alakaʻi maikaʻi loa i kāu kūlana auhau. ʻAʻohe kumu e hōʻikeʻia kēiaʻikepili i manaʻo e kūʻai a kūʻai aku i nā palekana.