ʻOkoʻa kekahi mau mīkini mana ma mua o nā mea'ē aʻe
ʻO nā mea poho he mau mea hana i nā papa kūikawā, e hoʻohuli ana i nā metala kūikawā. ʻO kēlā me kēia mekia i ka'ākau a me ka pole hema. Kūleʻa nā poʻoki kūkeke, oiai e like me nā pole e pale.
ʻOiaiʻo ka nui o nā mea nui i hanaʻia mai nā metala a me nā pāpale e hoʻoiliʻia, ua hoʻoholo nā meaʻepekema i nāʻano e hana i nā mea nui mai nā mea hana like, e like me nā polymers magnetic.
He aha ka hanaʻana i ka Magnetism
Hanaʻia ka Magnetism ma nā metals e ka mahele'āleʻa o nā electrons i nā hāmeʻa o kekahi mau mea metala.
ʻO ka loliʻole a me ka hana i hanaʻia e kēia māheleʻole o nā electron e hoʻololi i ka uku i loko o ka atom ma hope a me ka'ē aʻe, e hana ana i nā hoʻokupu kaha.
Ke hoʻohālikelike nā'ōpili āpana e hana lākou i kahi'āpana mana, kahi'āpana magnetic'āina i loaʻa i ka'ākau a me ka poho hema.
Ma nā mea i hoʻopiliʻoleʻia, nāʻaoʻao āpau e nānā i nāʻaoʻao likeʻole, e hoʻoneʻe ana kekahi i kekahi. No ka mea i loko o nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia, ua hoʻohuiʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau kikowaena, e kuhikuhi ana i kaʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, i hana i ka papaʻoi. ʻO ka nui o nā inoa kikowaena e hoʻohui pū me ka ikaika o ka mana magnetic.
Nāʻano o nā mea kani
- ʻO nā mea hanohano loa ( ʻikeʻia he mau mea koʻikoʻi paʻakikī) ka poʻe e hana mau i kahi māla nui. ʻO kēia kaomi honua ka hopena o ka ferromagnetism aʻo kaʻoi o ka magnetism ka ikaika loa.
- ʻO nā mea hoʻolālā kūhulu (eʻikeʻia hoʻi he mau momonaʻoluʻolu) he mea mana wale nō ma ke alo o kahi papa mana.
- Pono nā leka uila e makemake i ka mana elee e holo i loko o kā lākou mau kele pūnaewele no ka hanaʻana i kahi malala.
Ka Hoʻonuiʻana i nā Liona
Ua kākau ka poʻe Helene Helene,'Anelani, a me Kainani i kaʻike kūikawā no ka magnetism ma mua aʻe o 2000 makahiki i hala. Ua hoʻokumuʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mākaukau ma ka nānāʻana i ka hopena o ka hoʻolele (kahiʻano mineral mine magnetic) i ka hao.
ʻO ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka noiʻiʻana i ka hana magnetism i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 16, akā,ʻaʻole i hiki i ka uluʻana o nā mea mana ikaika hou i kēia manawa a hiki i ka 2000s.
Ma mua o ka makahiki 1940, hoʻohanaʻia nā moho mau loa i nā mea hoʻohana wale nō, e like me nā compasses a me nā hoʻohui uila i kapaʻia he magnetos. ʻO ka hoʻolālāʻana o nā alumini-nickel-cobalt (Alnico) ua hāʻawiʻia i nā magnets mau no ka paniʻana i nā electromagnets in motors, generators and loudspeaker.
ʻO ka hanaʻana o nā magnets o ka samarium-cobalt (SmCo) i nā makahiki 1970 i hanaʻia nā mea nui me ka pālua o ka nui o ka manaea magnetic e like me nā mea i loaʻa mua.
Ma ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā makahiki 1980,ʻo kaʻimi houʻana i nā noiʻiʻana i nā mea momona o nā kumu honua honuaʻole i alakaʻiʻia i kaʻikeʻana o nā magnona neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB), a ua lilo i ka mana o ka mana magnetic ma luna o nā magnCoCo.
Hoʻohanaʻia nāʻenehana honua ma nā mea a pau mai nā wati lima a me nā iPads i nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa a me nā pūnaewele puhi.
ʻO ka Magnetism a me ke Kai
ʻO nā metala a me nā mea'ē aʻe heʻano likeʻole nāʻano, ma muli o ka mahana o ka'ōnaehana kahi e kū nei. ʻO ka hopena, hiki ke hōʻikeʻia kahi mea keleawe ma mua o hoʻokahiʻano o ka magnetism.
ʻO ka lino, he laʻana, ua nalowale kona magnetism, lilo i paramagnetic, i ka wā i hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia ma luna o 1418 ° F (770 ° C). ʻO ke anuanu kahi e kapaʻia ai ka mana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe keleawe i kona kūlana Curie.
ʻO kaʻili, ka'aluka, a me ka nickel wale nō nā kumuhana - i loko o keʻanoʻano kila - he mau mahana pālahalaha ma luna o ka mahana o ke keʻena.
No laila, pono e komo i loko o nā mea me nā mea momona kekahi o kēia mau mea.
Nā Maluina Ferromagnetic Loa a me ko lākou Curie Tempera
| ʻO kahi mea | ʻO ka Pākea Curie |
| ʻAla (Fe) | 1418 ° F (770 ° C) |
| ʻO Cobalt (Co) | 2066 ° F (1130 ° C) |
| Nickel (Ni) | 676.4 ° F (358 ° C) |
| ʻO Gadolinium | 66 ° F (19 ° C) |
| ʻO Dysprosium | -301.27 ° F (-185.15 ° C) |