ʻO ka hua'ōlelo hydrolysis mai loko mai o ka hua'ōlelo hau,ʻo ia ka Helene no ka wai, a me ka lese,ʻo ia hoʻi "e wehe." I ka'ōlelo kūpono,ʻo ka hydrolysis keʻano o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻohuiʻia ka wai.
ʻEkoluʻano nui o ka hydrolysis: ka paʻakai, ka waikawa, a me ka wai hydrolysis.
Hiki ke hoʻomanaʻoʻia ka wai o ka wai e like me keʻano o keʻano e like me keʻano o ka condensation,ʻo ia keʻano e hui ai nā kinikokiʻelua e lilo i hoʻokahi mole nui. ʻO ka hopena hopena o kēia hoʻopiʻiʻana,ʻo ka mea nui ka mea i hoʻohemo i kahi mole mole wai. E hoʻomanaʻo mau anaʻoe i kaʻokoʻa ma waena o nā meaʻelua ināʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka mea i ke kaheʻana o ka wai i ka wai e wāwahi i kekahi mea ma kaʻaoʻao'ē aʻe, ulu i kekahi mea, ma ka weheʻana i ka wai.
3 Nānā maʻamau o ka wai lepo
- Nalu: E hanaʻia ka waihana ma ka paʻakai o ka paʻakai mai kahi waiwaʻiʻole ka waiuma i loko o ka wai. Ke hanaʻia kēia, hoʻohuiʻia ka wai i nā aniona hydroxide a me nā cation hydronium. ʻO kēia kaʻano maʻamau o ka waihā.
- Kaʻae: E hiki ke wai e like me ka waikawa a iʻole kahi kumu, e like me keʻano Bronsted-Lowry acid. I kēia wā, e hāʻawi ka wai wai i ka proton. Malia pahaʻo kaʻoihanaʻoihanaʻoihana mua loa o kēiaʻano waiwai he saponification,ʻo ka hanaʻana o nā kopa.
- Ka Honua: Keʻano like loa kēia hana me ka hydrolysis no ka dissociation kumu. Eia hou, ma kahi kaha palapala hoʻonui,ʻo kahi kumu e hoʻokaʻawale pinepine i ka waiʻo ka amonia.
He aha ka hana o ka waihā?
I loko o kahi hana waihā e pili ana i ka loulou ester, e like me ka mea i loaʻa ma waena oʻelua mau amino acid i loko o kahi pilikino,ʻo nā hualoaʻa hopena,ʻo ia ka mea e loaʻa ai ka hui hydroxl (OH) mai ka mole wai a me kekahi mea i lilo i ka waikawa carboxylic me ka hoʻohuiʻana ke kalo i koe (H +).
Nā Hana Hana Ola ma loko o nāʻAna Ola
Hanaʻia nā hanana waiwaila i nā meaola ola me ke kōkua o ka hoʻoponoponoʻia e kekahi papa o nā enzymes i kapaʻiaʻo hydrolases. ʻO nā hopena o ke kino o ka hoʻoheheʻeʻana i nā polymers, e like me nā proteins (ʻo ia nā peptide bond between amino acids), nucleotides, sugars complexes and starch, a me nā momona e hoʻoheheʻeʻia e kēia papa o nā enzymes. I loko o kēia papa he mau lipases, amylases, proteases hydrolyze momona, sugars, a me nā proteins, ma kēlā me kēia.
Hiki i nā hua'ōleloʻenehana a me nā mea hoʻomalu no ka mea he mau enzymes (e like me nā cellulases a me nā phraserases) ka mea hiki ke wāwahi i ka cellulose i polysaccharides (ii, polymers of sugar molecules) or glucose; e wāwahi i nā lāʻau.
Eia kekahi laʻana, ua hoʻohuiʻia ka Proteinase i ka mīkini paʻakai, i mea e hoʻoulu ai i nā peptides a hoʻohui i ka huiʻana o amino acids free.