He aha ka hōʻailona Market? He aha ke kohoʻana?
Ke lohe neiʻoe i kēia mau'ōlelo i hoʻohuliʻia ma luna o ka nūhou, a uaʻikeʻoe he pili pili pono kēia mau hua'ōlelo i ke kālā. Akāʻaʻoleʻoe i maopopo i keʻano o kēia mau hua'ōlelo. He aha keʻano?
Eia ke kumu hoʻohālike i nā hua'ōlelo hoʻolālā maʻamau.
Māhele Kūʻai
ʻO ka S & P 500, NASDAQ, Dow Jones, Russell, aʻo Wilshire he mau hōʻailona like ia o ka "helu helu makai."ʻO ka hōʻailona e hāʻawi ana i kahi hōʻuluʻulu o ka māhele o ka māhele ma o ka hahaiʻana i kekahi o nā papahana kiʻekiʻe i loko o kēlā mākele.
Hoʻolālāʻo ia e hāʻawi i kahi kiʻi hoʻopiʻi e hōʻike ana i ka kuhikuhiʻana o ka māhele holoʻokoʻa i ke poʻo.
ʻAʻole nā pilina e pakele i kēlā me kēia mea. ʻO kekahi mau hua'ōlelo e ho'āʻo ana e pani i nā'ōmike liʻiliʻi, a me ka nui, akāʻo nāʻoluʻolu'ē aʻe ka mea o nā hui nui wale nō.
ʻO kekahi mau hua'ōlelo maʻamau i ka nānāʻana i nāʻoihana i loko o kekahi lālā, e like me kaʻenehana, aʻo kaʻoi aku o nā palapalaʻoni'ē aʻe.
No ka hoʻoikaika:ʻO Charles Journal ka mea kākau moʻolelo i hoʻokumu i ka papa kuhikuhi mua ma mua o 100 mau makahiki i hala. I ka makahiki 1896, hoʻokahuaʻo Dow i nā kumukūʻai o nā papahana 12 i hoʻolahaʻia. (Hoʻohuiʻo ia i kā lākou mau kumu kūʻai kālā a ua māheleʻia ka hōʻuluʻulu ma ka helu o nā lāʻau.)
Ma o ka hanaʻana i kēia, uaʻikeʻo ia e hiki iā ia keʻike i ka neʻeʻana o ka māhele holoʻokoʻa,ʻo ia hoʻi ka neʻeʻana o nā lāʻau i kaʻole i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o kaʻike kālā .
No laila, he aha nā meaʻoi aku iʻike nuiʻia e ka mākaʻi?
ʻO ka S & P 500
Hoʻomaopopo kēia index i nā 500 nui o nā US i nāʻoihana a me nā lālā.
ʻO nā kumukūʻai o ka S & P 500 he mea ia e pili ana i ka 70% o nā kumukūʻai i hoʻolaha nuiʻia. "S & P" kū i ka "Standards and Poor's," ka inoa o kahiʻimi noiʻi makaikai.
Hiki ke kohoʻia nā Kulekele CAN i loko o hoʻokahi mau hua'ōlelo. ʻO kekahi o nāʻoihana nui loa ma loko o ka S & P 500 aia kekahi ma Dow Jones Industrial Average.
ʻO ka Dow Jones Industrial Average
Ua kapaʻia ma hope o Charles Dow,ʻo kēia hua helu ka hilinaʻiʻana i nā lālāʻoi aku he 30 o nā US. ʻO ia keʻano o nā "poʻo nui",ʻo ia ka manawaʻoihana no "nā hui nui loa" e like me Johnson & Johnson, McDonald, a me Coca-Cola.
ʻOiaiʻo nā hui i loko o ka Dow Jones kahi wale nō o ka 25 pakeneka o nā waiwai a pau, uaʻaeʻia ka DJIA i mea hōʻailona o ke olakino.
ʻO ka Wilshire 5000
ʻO kēia helu helu ka heluʻana i ka 5,000 mauʻoihana o nāʻano a me nāʻano nui, mai nā hui nui aku i nā mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā poʻe liʻiliʻi. (I nā'ōleloʻoihana,ʻikeʻia kēia mau inoa he " poʻo nui ," "mid-cap" a me "ka pāpale liʻiliʻi.")
ʻO ka Wilshire 5000 i kapaʻia he " helu helu makaikai a pau ." Ma kaʻano o ka hōʻailona o kēia index index,ʻaʻohe mea likeʻole i ka inoa o DJIA a me S & P 500.
ʻO Russell 2000
Ke hoʻomau nei ka Dow Jones i nā poʻe nui, akāʻo ka Russell 2000 ke kū'ē i kēia:ʻo ia wale nō nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi . Ke helu nei kēia helu i nā 2,000 o nā mea mea liʻiliʻi loa ma ke kūkala kūʻai.
Ināʻoe e noʻonoʻo anaʻelua mau kamaliʻi i kahi nui o ka'ōpiopio, a keʻimi neiʻoe i kahiʻoi aku, aʻoi aku ka hōʻailona hiʻohiʻona o ka nui o nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi e hele nei, hiki iāʻoe ke nānā aku i kāna pūʻulu kaikuaʻana,ʻo Russell 3000.
ʻO ka NASDAQ
Ua hoʻopakele wau i kēia i hope no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻohaunaha iki. "ʻO Nasedaq" e pili ana i ka hōʻailona a me ka hoʻolālā kūʻaiʻana. E hoʻi hou wau i kahi liʻiliʻi e hāʻawi iāʻoe i kekahi mauʻike:
Aia kahi mākeʻai kahi e hele ai nā kānaka e kūʻai i nā lāʻau. Kapaʻia kēia mākaʻi he "hoʻololi."ʻO ka mea kaulana loaʻo ia ke New Exchange Stock Exchange. Aia kekahi mea kaulana i kapaʻiaʻo ka Nasdaq Exchange.
ʻO nā ukukūʻai e kālepaʻia ana ma ka Exchange Nasdaq uaʻano maʻalahi lākou i nāʻoihana tech, e like me Apple a me Google. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole loa ka nui o nā poʻe ma Nasdaq e like me kēlā mau kiʻi. ʻO nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi e like me ka Angie's List (ʻo ka pūnaewele e hāʻawi nei i nā hōʻike hoʻokele a nā hoa-a-hoa i nā hana hoʻolaha home) a me 1-800-Flowers hoʻi ma ka Nasdaq Exchange.
Na ke Nasdaq pū kekahi e hana i nāʻoihana kālepa, nāʻoihana likeʻole e like me Spirit Airlines, a me nāʻoihana'ē aʻe likeʻole me Starbucks a me ka hui kāmaʻaʻo Steve Madden.
Ma nā'ōlelo'ē aʻe,ʻaʻohe kānāwai i hoʻokomoʻia ma loko o nā hale kūʻai wale nō e kālepa ana ma ka Nasdaq Exchange. ʻO ka Nasdaq mau e hoʻomau i ka nui o nāʻoihana tech.
ʻO ka'eneke makai Nasdaq, ka mea i kapaʻiaʻo "Nasdaq Composite," ke mele aku i nā 3,000 mauʻoihana i kālepaʻia ma ka Exchange Nasdaq. He meaʻokoʻa kēia no ka meaʻaʻohe hoʻololi'ē aʻe i loaʻa kona hua'ōlelo kaulana. ʻAʻole heluhelu ka po i nā stats mai ka "New York Stock Exchange Composite."
Ua ulu nui ka Nasdaq Composite no ka mea i maʻalahiʻia heʻano hōʻailona pokole o ka hanaʻana o nāʻenehana a me nā hui kūikawā - ka poʻe nui a me ka poʻe liʻiliʻi.