Nā mea i kākauʻia e hoʻonuiʻia i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe
"I kekahi mau mea,ʻo ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i nā kānaka mai ka nele i kekahiʻoihana olakino maikaʻi e like me ka hoʻomahaʻana i ka hale hōʻolo aiʻole ke kāpiliʻana," wahi a Kaiser Family Foundation.
ʻO ka poʻe i piha i ka 10 o nā mea koʻikoʻi maʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia aʻoi aku i ka hapalua (58 pakeneka) o nā mea makuaʻole a pau e hilinaʻi mau i ka lāʻau i'ōleloʻia, e like me ka 'Oihana no ke Kauka Ola a me ka Kuleana.
Uaʻike nā lālā a pau o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā'ōlelo i hoʻopihaʻia i nā makahiki 5 i hala aku koe nā moʻokalaleo, penicillins, a me nā hōʻailona hormonal, e like me ka IMS Institute for Healthcare Information. Ua loaʻa i loko o ka māmala'ōlelo o IMS nā lāʻau ola a pau i hāʻawiʻia ma o nā kaukamai kūʻai kūʻai, nā pharmacies store store, nā leka uila a me nā keʻena mālama wā lōʻihi.
Nā kākoʻo Generics Morepassed Scripts Drug
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau ka 75 pasene o nā palapala kiko piha i ka 2010, mai 57% o ka makahiki 2004, e like me IMS. ʻOiaiʻo ka helu o nā palapala kiko'ī maʻamau i hoʻolahaʻia he 5.9 pakeneka; ua hōʻoleʻia nā kuʻuna inoa i ka 7.6 pakeneka.
ʻO nā lāʻau i kākauʻia e ka papa
Nā Regulators Lipid
Hoʻohanaʻia nā mea hoʻoponopono lipid,ʻo ka lāʻau maʻamau, i mea e pale ai i ka dyslipidemia (ka blood cholesterol kiʻekiʻe) a me nā pilikia o ka maʻi o ka maʻi a me nā maʻi'ē aʻe e like me ka osteoporosis a me ka pilikia o ka postopaopaopa.
Ua hoʻonuiʻia ma mua o 255.4 miliona nā kumuhana no nā'enela a me nāʻano lāʻau lipid-lowering i 2010.
ʻO ka lipitona Pfizer (atorvastatin calcium) kaʻona nui loa i kākauʻia, a ma muli o Crestor (calcium rosuvastatin) e AstraZeneca; ʻO nā kumu lāʻau'ē aʻe he Mevacor (lovastatin), Pravachol (sodium pravastate sodium), Zocor (simvastatin), Lescol (sodium fluvastate), Vytorin (Ezetimibe / Simvastatin), a me Petervastatin.
ʻO nāʻike kaulana i kauohaʻia i nā kauka a me nā mea kūʻai pono i kākoʻo i ka uluʻana o kēiaʻano lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā hōʻaihopiho
ʻO nā'āpilikia kinaika kekahi o nā papa ulu wikiwiki loa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻopihapihaʻia he 253.6 miliona mau mea no nā antidepressants, e like me ka hōʻike IMS.
ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui e pahu nei i ka piʻiʻana o nā hōʻailona no nā antidepressants,ʻo ka ulu nuiʻana o nā mea hoʻolauleʻa kumuhana a me nā mea'ē aʻe ma waho o ka papa o ke ahupuaʻa e kākau ana i nā palapala no nā maʻi i loaʻaʻole i ka hōʻailona hōʻailona, e like me ka noi i paʻiʻia ma ʻO ka moʻolelo Health Affairs maʻAukake 2011.
"Uaʻikeʻia ma waena o 1996 a 2007 ka mahele o nā kipa i hoʻonohonohoʻia ai nā antidepane, akā,ʻaʻole iʻikeʻia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻi he 59.5 pakeneka i ka 72.7 pakeneka," i kākauʻia e ka poʻe kākau inoaʻo Ramin Mojtabai, Ke Kulaʻo Health Public Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg. ʻO Mark Olfson, me ke Kulanui o nā Kauka a me nā Kanikāʻau o ke Kulanuiʻo Columbia ma Nū Ioka, a he kauka noiʻi noiʻi ma ka Institute Psychiatric Institute o New York.
Nā Narcotic Analgesics
Nānāʻia nā'ānakene Narcotic no ka hoʻomahaʻana i kaʻeha nui.
I ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻopihapihaʻia he 244,300 mau mea no kēiaʻano o nā painkillers.
ʻO kekahi mau hōʻailona holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i'Oxycodone (oxycodone), Vicodin (hydrocodone and acetaminophen), codeine, morphine, Percocet (acetaminophen and oxycodone), a me Ultram (tramadol).
Beta-Blockers
Hoʻopiʻiʻia nā mea āpau a me nā mea'ē aʻe me nā lāʻau'ē aʻe, no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i nā maʻi o ka maʻi,ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko, a me ka glaucoma, ka hyperthyroidism, a me ka migraines.Ma mua o ka makahiki 191.5 miliona no ka beta- ua hoʻopihaʻia nā poraka i ka makahiki 2010.
ʻO nāʻano beta-blockers i hoʻohanaʻia i kēia manawa: Brevibloc (esmolol), Coreg (carvedilol), Indiaral (propranolol), Lopressor, Toprol-XL (metoprolol), Normodyne, Trandate (labetalol), Sectral (acebutolol), Tenormin (atenolol) a Zebeta (bisoprolol) ) ./
ʻAiʻia nā mea hoʻopuka
Hoʻopiʻiʻia nāʻenemi o kaʻenemi e hoʻohuli i nā'ānela Angiotensin (ACE) i ka mālamaʻana i ke koko kiʻekiʻe, scleroderma, migraines a me nā kumu'ē aʻe. I ka makahiki 2010, ua hoʻolako nā kauka lāʻau i ka nui o 168.7 miliona mau mea kanu no nā mea hoʻoponopono a ACE.
ʻO nā mea hoʻopiʻi ACE nā Lotensin (benazepril), Capoten (captopril), Vasotec (enalapril), Fosinopril, Prinivil, Zestril (Lisinopril), Univasc (Moexipril), Aceon (perindopril), Accupril (quinapril), Altace (ramipril) a me Mavik (trandolapril) ).
ʻO nā lālā'ē aʻe o ka papahana kiʻekiʻe o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e miliona miliona o nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia ua:
- 6. Nānāʻau; 165
- 7. Nānā Kinaike; 153.3
- 8. Na Makahiki. 147.1
- 9. Nā Diuretics; 131
- 10. Na Anaka-Epileptics; 121.7
- 11. na mea kuokoa; 108.6
- 12.ʻO kou hāmalo Preps; 107.2
- 13. Ka Lēkiu Anuanu (Plain & Combo); 97.9
- 14. Nā kinakēʻau; 95
- 15. Hormonal Contraceptives; 92.3
- 16. Angiotensin II; 83.7
- 17. Penicillins; 76.1
- 18. Macrolides & Keʻano like; 73.9
- 19.ʻO nā huameʻa a me nā'eneme; 71.9
- 20. He mau hana olakino a me nā mea hoʻokele; 66
Kumu: IMS Health, National Prescription Audit, Dec 2010