Hōʻike i kēia mau Hōʻike i ka Impaʻoi Kālā o ka Pōpilikia nui
Ua hoʻolaleʻia nā mea kiʻi kiʻi kālā e ka Administration Security Security e hoʻopaʻa i nā kūlana ola o ka'Ahaha nui . He pae'āina lākou i ka moʻolelo o nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi. Hōʻike nā kiʻi i nā hopena o ka pilikia nui a me ka Dust Bowl . ʻO kekahi o nā kiʻi kaulana loa e hōʻike ana i nā kānaka i hoʻokuʻuʻia mai nā'āina mahiʻai a neʻe aku i ke komohana aiʻole i nā kūlanakauhaleʻenehana eʻimi i ka hana. Hōʻike maikaʻi kēia mau kiʻi ma mua o nā paʻi kiʻi a helu i ka hopena o ka hoʻomehana waiwai o ka Paha nui.
01 Hoʻopilikia i kaʻAkau
Ua kālekaʻia ka lepoʻino i Elkhart, Kansas, i ka lā 21 o Mei, 1937.ʻO ka makahiki ma mua, ua hiki ke kau i ke kauwela loa loa ma ka hoʻi hou. I ka mahinaʻo Iune,ʻewalu mau kūlana iʻike i ke anawela o 110 aʻoi paha. I ka mahina o Iulai, ua hoʻonui ka pae wela i 12 mau māla. ʻO Iowa lākou,ʻo Kansas (121 mau kapuaʻi), Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, North Dakota (121 mau tikeri), Oklahoma (120 degrees), Pennsylvania, South Dakota (120 degrees), West Virginia, a me Wisconsin. I ka mahinaʻoʻAukake, uaʻikeʻo Texas i nā mahana he 120-o-kaʻiʻana.
ʻO ia keʻano wela o ka wela ma ka US history, a pepehi i 1,693 mau kānaka. ʻO kekahi 3,500 mau kānaka i make i ko lākou ho'āʻoʻana e hōʻalili.
02 Aia kaʻino o ka pilikia nui
ʻO Arthur Rothstein / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection
Ua kōkua kaʻino a me kaʻino i ke kumu o ka pilikia nui . Ua alakaʻiʻia ka hoʻouluʻana i ka pali,ʻo ia hoʻokahi kumu no kaʻino nui o ka lepo. Akā,ʻo ka kumu nui loa, he lālā lōʻihi. Na kēia mauʻino i hoʻokau i nā mahiʻaiʻohana e nalowale i kā lākouʻoihana, i ko lākou ola a me ko lākou mau home. Hele nāʻohana i Kaleponi aiʻole nā kūlanakauhale e huli i kahi hana iʻikeʻoleʻia ma ka manawa i hiki ai lākou i laila.
03 Pōʻino o ka Bowsh Dust
ʻO Arthur Rothstein / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection
ʻO kaʻino o kaʻino mai nā hale e kokoke i ka uhiʻia, me ka waiwaiʻole. Ua lilo nā kānaka i maʻi nui no ka komoʻana i ka lepo.
ʻO ka mahiʻai ma ka makahiki 1935
ʻO ka pūʻulu o nā lio hanaʻelua i hoʻokomoʻia i kahi kaʻa, kahi pāʻani iʻikeʻia ma ke kua, ke kiki liʻiliʻi, Beltsville, Maryland, 1935. Mai ka Hale Waihona Puke o New York.
05 Manuale i Ola i ka Palu Ahu
ʻO kahi kanaka mahiʻai e mahi ana i ka palaoa me ka mea kau ma luna o ka meli huki lio i ka Wabash Farms, Loogootee, Indiana, Iune 1938. Hoʻolālā ka hoʻolālā i 3.3 pakeneka ma muli o ka hoʻokau houʻana o FDR i ka New Deal. E ho'āʻo anaʻo ia e pale i ke kumukānāwai, akā ua hiki koke. Ua ho'ēmi nā kumukūʻai i ka 2.8 pakeneka, e hōʻino ana i nā mahiʻai i koe.
ʻO ka Poʻokela Ola Loa o ka World?
Malaki 1937:ʻO kahi pākeka, i kākoʻoʻia e ka National Association of Manufacturers, ma ke ala kiʻekiʻe 99 ma Kaleponi i ka wā o ka pilikia. Ua heluheluʻia, 'ʻAʻohe ala like me ke alaʻAmelika a me ka' oihana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua '. I kēlā makahiki, he 14.3 pakeneka ka lōʻihi o ka hanaʻole.
07 Makemake nā kāne e huli i kahi hana
Elua mau kāne hanaʻole e hele ana i Los Angeles, Kaleponi, eʻimi i ka hana.
08 E hele i Kaleponi
Nā kiʻi a Dorothea Lange / / Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Paʻi a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection
ʻO ke alanuiʻaoʻao kokoke i Bakersfield, Kaleponi. ʻO ka hoʻoilina o ka honua nei o ka mahuka mai Texas ka lepo, alalaʻi a me ke kaumaha. He nui ka poʻe i haʻalele i ko lākou mau home e loaʻa ai ka hana ma Kaleponi. I ka manawa i hiki ai lākou i laila, ua hala nā hana. Ua hana kēia i Nowemapa i ka makahiki 1935. He 20.1 pakeneka ka nele i ka hanaʻole.
09 Ma ke alanui eʻimi i ka Hana
Nā kiʻi a Dorothea Lange / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection.
He hapa o kaʻohanaʻilihune iʻeiwa ma kahi alaloaʻo New Mexico. ʻO nā mea mahuka haʻalele i Iowa i ka makahiki 1932 ma muli o ka maʻi o ka makua kāne. ʻO ia he mea hana lima mechanic a me ka mea pena. Ua kōkua kaʻohana i Arizona. ʻO ka nele i ka loaʻa he 23.6 pakeneka. Ua hoʻolālā ka hoʻolālā kālā he 12.9 pakeneka. Ua kūkala ka poʻe i ka Pelekikena Hoover, nāna i hoʻokiʻekiʻe i kaʻauhau i kēlā makahiki e pale i ke kumukānāwai. Ua koho lākou no FDR, a ua hoʻohiki lākou i kahi New Deal .
10 Eʻai ana ma kaʻaoʻao o ke alanui
Nā kiʻi a Dorothea Lange / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection.
ʻO ke keiki o kahi hilinaʻi hilahila mai Oklahoma i kēia manawa ma Kaleponi. Novema 1936
11 Hoʻonā i ke Kino
ʻO Photo by Arthur Rothstein,
Ua kūkuluʻia kahi pāpili ma kahi kokoke i ka Sunnyside slack pile, Herrin, Illinois Ua kūkuluʻia nā wahi he nui ma ke kūkulu hema o Illinois me nā kālā i hoʻolimalimaʻia mai nā hui hale a me nā loina,ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea i lilo i ka panakupa.
12ʻOhana Hana i Kalelā ma Kaleponi
He kanaka hele wāwae, kāna wahine'ōpio a me kāna mau keikiʻehā e hoʻomaha ana ma waho o ko lākou mau hale noho pōkole, kahi e noho ana ma kahi o nā wahi neʻekau, Marysville, Kaleponi, 1935.
13 Koʻolauloa
Nā kiʻi a Dorothea Lange / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection.
ʻO kahi home wale nō o kaʻohana i'ānaiʻia iʻeiwa o Iowa. ʻAukake 1936
14 Hooverville
Nā kiʻi a Dorothea Lange / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection.
Ua hele nā tausani o kēia poʻe mahiʻai a me nā limahana hanaʻole i Kaleponi e loaʻa ai ka hana. He nui ka poʻe i noho i ka haleʻole "hobos" aiʻole i nā hale kuʻikuʻu i kapaʻiaʻo "Hoovervilles," i kapaʻia ma hope o ka Pelekikena-ʻo Herbert Hoover, he nui ka poʻe i manaʻo ua hoʻokumuʻo ia i ka pōʻino ma o ka hanaʻoleʻana i ka hana. ua manaʻoʻia e hoʻopukaʻia ka mākeke.
15 Ka'ānai pōʻino
Walker Evans / Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Paʻi kiʻi a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection
ʻO ka manaʻo nui nui i hoʻopiliʻia i nāʻohana holoʻokoʻa i lilo i homeʻole. Ua pilikia nui nā keiki. Ua hoʻohana pinepine lākou i ka hana e kōkua ai i ka hoʻokōʻana o nā mea.
16 Ke'Āina Lau
ʻAʻohe papahana kaiaulu i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka Pōʻino. Hoʻopiliʻia nā kānaka i ka loaʻaʻana o ke pola mai ka mea aloha.
17 Nā Lā Lau
ʻO ka laina pae i ka manawa o ke kūlana nui. Ma kēiaʻaoʻao o ka hōʻailona, ua hōʻoiaʻiʻoʻia heʻelima keneta palaoa. ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe e kali no ke kōkua i ka poʻe hele. E Buddy, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻopakele i kahi dime? ʻO ke kiʻi i laweʻia ma waena o ka makahiki 1930 a 1940.ʻAʻohe mālama mālama ola, pono,ʻole uku hanaʻole a hiki i ka FDR a me ka New Deal.
18ʻO ka meaʻai ka meaʻai he mea kanu ola
ʻAʻole i hāʻawi nui nā kīhāina i kaʻai, akā uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kaʻole.
19ʻO nā'āpana kūkā i hōʻoia i nā meaʻai
ʻO kekahi hui o nā kāne e kau nei i waho o kahi kīpīʻo Chicago i kāluaʻia e Al Capone, i ka makahiki 1930. I ke kauoha e kūkulu hou i kona kūlana maikaʻi, ua weheʻo Capone i ka'ōpala kulina ma waena o ka hoʻouluhuaʻana i ke kūlana waiwai.
20 Me ka papaʻaina i ka makahiki 1930
ʻO Dolly Gann (L), ke kaikuahine o ka pelekikena Pelekikenaʻo US Charles Curtis, e kōkua i ka lawelaweʻana i ka meaʻai i ka poʻe pōloli i kahi kīʻaha o ka Army Army soupalina i ka lā 27 o Dekemaba, 1930.
21 Ka hopena o ka pilikia nui
Ua ho'āʻo kēia mīkini e mālama pono, akā ua koiʻiaʻo ia eʻimi i ke kōkua mai ka Hui Kōkua Help. He wahi mahi mahi laʻau ia ma Kaleponi i ka makahiki 1936. He 16.9 pakeneka ka nele i ka hanaʻole.
22ʻO ke kūʻana o ka pilikia nui
ʻO Floyd Burroughs. Nā kiʻi e Walker Evans
ʻO kēia kiʻi kaulana a Walker Evansʻo Floyd Burroughs. ʻO ia mai Hale County, Alabama. Ua kiʻiʻia ke kiʻi ma ka makahiki 1936.
Ua hanaʻo ia i ke kūkuluʻana, akā, i ka pauʻana o nā hana, hoʻoneʻeʻo ia i kaʻohana mai Florida aku i ka mahiʻai a kona makuakāne ma North Georgia, ma ka mahiʻai, ua ulu lākou i ka mahinaʻai, nā huaʻai, a me nā huaʻokoʻa, a he mau holoholona kekahi. " He moʻoleloʻoiaʻiʻo mai ka mea heluhelu.
23ʻO ke Kino o ke Kūlana nui
Nā kiʻi a Dorothea Lange / Ka Hale Waihona Puke o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā kiʻi, FSA-'OWI Collection.
ʻO Florence Thompson kēia wahine, 32 makahiki, aʻo ka makuahine o nā keikiʻehiku. He wahine peepikōʻo ia ma California. I ka laweʻiaʻana o kēia kiʻi e Dorothea Lange, ua kūʻai akuʻo Florence i ka home o konaʻohana no ke kālā e kūʻai i meaʻai. ʻO ka home he hale lole.
"No kaʻaina awakea, eʻai lākou i ka meaʻai, no kaʻaina awakea, nā meaʻai, no kaʻaina awakea, ka palaoa, a he waiū no kēlā me kēiaʻai, hana lākou a maʻa, a ola." He moʻoleloʻoiaʻiʻo mai ka mea heluhelu.
24ʻO nā keiki o ka pilikia nui
ʻO Russell Lee / Hale Waihona o nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike, Nā Kānana a me nā Kiʻi Mokuna, FSA-'OWI Collection
ʻO nā poʻe limahana mahiʻai i kūkuluʻia ma ke alahele kokoke i Spiro, Oklahoma. ʻAʻohe moe aʻaʻole hoʻi he palekana mai ka liloʻana o nā nalo. ʻO Russell Lee, Iune 1939
25 Hoʻokomoʻia e kūʻai aku i nā'āle
ʻO nā mea me nāʻoihana e kōkua i ka poʻe me ka loaʻaʻole o nā hana ma ke kūʻaiʻana i nā'ōleʻa, penikala, aiʻole nā mea like.
26ʻAʻohe Hana
Noho nā kāne i waho ma waho e kali ana i kaʻaina ahiahi ma kahi kīʻaha o Robinson ma nā alaʻo 9 a me Plum, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1931. I kēlā makahiki, ua lilo ka hoʻolālā i 6.2 pakeneka, a ua emi iho ka huina 9.3 pakeneka. He 15.9 pakeneka ka loaʻaʻole o ka hanaʻole, akāʻo ka meaʻoi loa e hiki mai ana.
27 Kūlana kūʻai kūʻaiʻo 1929
ʻO ka papahele o New Exchange Stock Exchange i ka manawa ma hope o ka hopena o ka'akena kūʻai o ka makahiki 1929. He hiʻohiʻona o ka weliweli e like me ka pauʻana o nā stockbrokers.
28 Kū'ē Kū'ē Kū'ē Loa ma ka Wall Street
Ma hope o ka ''Aneleʻele'Aleʻele' ma ke kahua kūʻai kūʻai o New York, ua hoʻokomo nā mākaʻikaʻi kiʻekiʻe i kahi hui hauʻoli ma ka neʻeʻana, New York, USA, Photograph, 2 November 1929.
29ʻO nā pelekikena hikiʻole ke mālama me ka Volume Sales
Nānā nā Brokers i ka pēpili no nā kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia lā ma kahi i hōʻikeʻia mai ka kiʻi 'Wolf of Wall Street,' i weheʻia i mau mahina ma mua o ka hopena i 1929, Hollywood, Kaleponi, 1929.
30 I ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke kūlana nui
ʻO Pelekikena Herbert Hoover a me kāna wahine,ʻo Lou Henry Hoover, ma Chicago i ka hoʻokūkū hope loa o ka World Series Series 1929 ma waena o Chicago Cubs a me ka Philadelphia Athletics,ʻOkakopa i ka makahiki 1929. Ua hoʻomakaʻo Ka Pahuwaha nui iʻAukake o kēlā makahiki.
31 Ināʻo Hoover i noho ma ke keʻena, e nui loa aku ka pōʻino
ʻO Pelekikena Herbert Hoover (hema) a me kona hope ma hopeʻo Franklin D. Roosevelt ma kona hoʻolaʻaʻana. Capitol / Washington. 4 Malaki 1933. Nānā.
32 Nā Polokalamu Hoʻolaha Hou i hoʻohana i nā mea he lehulehu
He māhele o kahi pale pale ma kahi kūʻai lole WPA nui loa ma NY kahi i loaʻa ai iʻekolu mau wāhine i nā lole a me nā lole i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia i ka poʻe hanaʻole, New York, New York, ma ka makahiki 1935. Hoʻolālā lākou iʻeono lā, kanakolu hola hebedoma ma nā papaʻelua o ka ʻO Siegel Cooper Building.
I ka manawa o ke kaumaha nui, ua nele ko lākou mau home a noho i nā halelewa. Hiki paha iā ia ke hana hou i ka US? ʻAʻole paha. Ua hōʻikeʻo ka'aha'ōlelo i nā mea e pono ai, me kaʻole o ka hōʻinoʻana i ka aie.