ʻO wai lā ke hoʻoponopono nei i kaʻai?
ʻO ka Federal Reserve System ke kuleana no nā kulekele kālā e mālama ana i ka uku kālā a me nā uku uku . ʻO kāna kauohaʻelua,ʻo ia ka mālamaʻana i ka hoʻonuiʻana a me ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka hanaʻole .
Ma waho aʻe o ka papaʻaina,ʻo ka Fed nā lālā he 12 o Federal Reserve Banks a me ke Kōmike Kūkākūkāʻo Federal Open . Hāʻawi nā pūnaewele Fed i nā lawelawe i kaʻoihanaʻoihana kālepa kālepa . Hoʻolālā ka FOMC i nā kulekele kālā.
Aia ka Fed he 1,800 mau limahana e kākoʻo i ka papa. ʻO kona wahi he 20th Street a me Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20551.
Nā lālā
Hoʻopāʻau kaʻimi i nā lālā o kaʻaha "dovish" aiʻole "hawkish." Ke hopohopo nui nei nā lālā Dovish i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana i ka hanaʻole ma mua o ka hoʻoemiʻana i ka hoʻonui. Paipai lākou i ke kulekele pili kālā ākea a me nā uku ukupanei. ʻO nā hoa o kaʻaha hawkish makemake lākou i ke kulekele kū'ē . Makemake lākou e hoʻonui i ka hopena no ka mea uaʻoi aʻe ko lākou hopohopo no ka hoʻonuiʻana.
E lawelawe ana nā luna o ke Kōmike i nā hua'ōlelo weliweli. ʻO ia hoʻi, kohoʻia kekahi mea hou i kēlā me kēiaʻelua makahiki. Mālama i ka papa mai ke kūʻokoʻa i ka politika. Inā hahaiʻia kēlā papahana,ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi pelekikena a iʻole ka luna nui o Congressional ke mālama i ka papa.
Akāʻo ka Pelekikena Trump i loaʻa i kahi manawa kūpono e pani ai i ka papa ma kona makemake. Ua hoʻonohonohoʻia ka noho luna o ka Poho no ka koho houʻana i kona manawa. Ua hoʻolālāʻiaʻekolu mau kūlana poho, e like me ka noho Lunahoomalu. Elua o lāua i hakahaka mai ka pilikia kālā.
Ua kohoʻiaʻo Ierome Powell e koho i ka noho Fed.
Ua hele muaʻo Powell i ka lālā o ka papaʻo Fed, mai ka lā 25 o Mei, a hiki i Ianuali 31, 2028. He mākaʻikaʻiʻo ia ma ka Pūnaehana Kaupapa Bipartisan, he hoa ma ka hui Carlyle (1997 - 2005), a he luna aupuni ma lalo o Pelekikena George HW Bush. Ua hanaʻo ia.
ʻO ke kaniʻana iā ia ināʻaʻoleʻo ia i makemake i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana ,ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui. Ua'āpono ka Senate i kona kohoʻana ma ka lā 23 o Ianuali, 2018. Liloʻo Powell iā Janet Yellen. Hoʻomauʻo ia i nā kulekele holomua o Yellen. ʻAʻole i lawelaweʻo Yellen i ke koena o kāna kau moku kau mau. ʻO ke koho waleʻo Fed,ʻo Marriner Eccles (1934 - 1948) i noho ma ka papa noʻekolu makahiki ma hope o ka pauʻana o kona kūlana.
ʻO ka noho luna o ka papaʻaina ka Lunahoomalu o ka FOMC. Noho pū ka Luna Hoʻohanohano me ka Pelekikena, ke Kākau'ōlelo o ka Waihona, a me ka'aha'ōlelo. He lâlâ ka Lunahoomalu o ka Monetary International Monetary , ka Bank for International Settlements, a me ke G-7 a me ke G-20 i mea lawelawe kālā.
Ke koho neiʻo Trump Richard Richardida e lilo i Hope-Lunahoomalu o ka papa. He kāpena kuhinaʻo ia i ke kulekele waiwai waiwai ma ka Waihona WaihonaʻoʻAmelika mai ka makahiki 2002-2003. He loeaʻo ia no ka hoʻomehana waiwai ma Columbia University.
Nānaʻo Michelle Bowman i koho iā ia e hoʻopiha i kekahi wahi kaʻawale.
Loaʻa iā ia kaʻike kālā kāleka o ke kaiāulu Keʻimi neiʻo Trump. ʻO iaʻo ke komisina kāleka Kansas. Loaʻa i ke kani o kahi mea e makemake ana e hoʻopau i ko lākou mau paʻa ma nā 'āpana a pau. Ua'ōleloʻo ka'aha'ōlelo i kahi koi iʻelua mau makahiki i hala.
Hoʻonohonohoʻiaʻo Trump iā Marvin Friendkane no kahi wahi Papa. He mea loeaʻo Carnegie Mellon a me nā meaʻoihana waiwai Fed. Ke kali neiʻo ia no ka hōʻoia Senate.
Ua koho maikaʻiʻiaʻo Trump i hoʻokahi hoa o ka Board,ʻo Randy Quarles . ʻO kāna papaʻaina,ʻo ia kaʻOkakopa 13, 2017 - Ianuali 31, 2032. Kākoʻoʻo ia i ka hoʻoponoponoʻiaʻana o ke kapa. He alakaʻi nuiʻo ia ma Cynosure Group a me ka hui Carlyle, a me kahi luna o kaʻAha Moku'āina ma lalo o Pelekikena George W. Bush . ʻAʻoleʻo ia e hanaʻino a pale paha, makemakeʻo ia e hoʻohana i nā kulekele kūikawā e hoʻoholo ai i ka wā i hoʻololiʻia ai nā kumukūʻai Fed. ʻO Quarles hoʻi ka Hope Pelekikena no ka Mākaʻikaʻi a hiki i kaʻOkakopa 13, 2021.
Ua hoʻokumuʻia kēlā kūlana e ke Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act .
Hoʻonohoʻia nā koho e hoʻokau iā Trel i Lael Brainard. ʻO kona manawaʻo ia ka lā 16 o Iune, 2014 - Ianuali 31, 2026.ʻO ia wale nō ka Ph.D. ʻO ia he luna koʻikoʻi nui o ka Waihona (2010 - 2013), he lālā nui o ka Brookings Institution (2001-2008), a me ka Hope Kōkua Kūlokoʻo Pelekikena iā Pelekikena Clinton. He loeaʻo ia ma ke kūlana waiwai i ka MIT Sloan School of Management (1990 - 1996). Nānāʻo ia.
ʻO ka mea a ka Papa
Aia i ka papaʻahā mauʻoihana mua. ʻO ka mea mua, alakaʻi ia i ke kulekele pili kālā. Noho nā lālā a pau o ka papa ma ka FOMC. Aia ka papa nui i ka hapa nui o nā noho ma ka FOMC, no laila e hoʻoholo maikaʻi i nā hoʻoholo a pau. Hoʻoloheʻo ia i ka hoʻokomoʻana o nā lālā'ē aʻe mai ka wā he mau pelekikena lākou o nā'aulāʻo nā lālā. Kūhelu piha ka FOMC iʻewalu manawa i ka makahiki e hoʻonohonoho i ka pahuhopu no ka hānai kālāʻai a me ka hoʻokōʻana i ka hana mākaʻikaʻi . ʻO ka papa wale nō ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i ka uku hoʻolālā a me nā koi mālama'āina no nā kālā o nā lālā. Eʻike hou e pili ana i nā mea hana a Federal Reserve .
ʻO ka lua, ke kahaki nei i nā hoʻomohala waiwai. Hoʻokuʻuʻo ia i ka Beige Book i kēlā me kēia mahina. Hāʻawi ia i ka hōʻike loiloi kālā iʻelua manawa o ka makahiki (ma ka lā 20 o Pepeluali a me Iulai 20). Hōʻikeʻia nā hopena i pili i ka moku'āina o ka hoʻokele waiwai i ka'aha'ōlelo. ʻO ke kaulike, kū kaʻawale ka Chair i ka Hale Senate o nā 'Ahahui, nā hale noho, a me nā Urban Affairs a me ka Hale o nā Pūnaehana Kālā.
ʻO ke kolu, ke hoʻopuka nei ka papa i nā rula no kaʻoihana mālama kālā maʻamau, a no nā kālā o nā lālā o Federal Reserve. Hoʻomaopopo ia i kēlā mau rula no nāʻupena lālā mālama Federal Reserve wale nō. ʻO kēia mau lālā he mau moku'āinaʻo 900, nā lālā o ka Federal Reserve System, a me 5,000 mau pūʻali paʻa. Na ke Keʻena o ka Luna hoʻoponopono o ke kālā e mālama i nā moku āpau o ke aupuni. Ke nānā nei ka 'Oihana Hoʻolimalima Kāpenaʻo Federal i nā moku'āina i kūʻole nā lālā o Federal Reserve. ʻO kēia māhele ka mea e hiki ai i nā pēlā e koho i ko lākou luna no kaʻikeʻana i keʻano o kā lākou'elina e makemake ai. ʻO kēlā kekahi o nā pilikia i hoʻokumu i ka pilikia kālā.
ʻO ka hā, mālama ia i ka pūnaehana uku US. ʻO nā'elā e nānā ana i nā māmā māmā, nā hana hoʻolālā e pili ana i ka lolouila a me ka hāʻawiʻana i ke kālā
Nā hālāwai
Halalua ka papaʻaina iʻelua mahina. Hoʻoiho ia i nā kulekele kānāwai a me nāʻoihana kālā. Hiki iāʻoe ke hele i kahi hālāwai kūkā. Eʻike hou aku ma ka pūnaewele hālāwai pūnaewele. (Sources: "Pehea e kūkuluʻia ai ka Pūnaewele Kūkulu Kū'ē no ka" Federal Reserve "? Hōʻikeʻia i ka Papa o nā Kia'āina," Federal Bank Bank of St. Louis. "He aha ke kumu o ka Pūnaewele mālama kālā?" Federal Reserve.)