'Apili Houwaiwai: Pehea e hōʻoia ai i kahi Hōʻike kālā

ʻO ka mahele hoʻonui waiwai ka helu i ka huina kālā a pau no kēlā me kēia kālā o nā waiwai i loaʻa i kahi pūnaewele. No ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hoʻoili waiwai, e lawe i ka huina kālā a puʻunaue i ka waiwai maʻamau no ka manawa i aʻoʻia. (E hoʻomanaʻo: eʻikeʻoe pehea e hana ai i kēia mea E lawe i nā waiwai mua a e hōʻemi iā lākou me nā waiwai hope.) Inā he $ 1 o nā waiwai i loaʻa iā XYZ i 2000 a $ 10 i nā waiwai i ka makahiki 2001,ʻo ka maʻamau waiwai o ka manawa he $ 5 no $ 1 + $ 10 i māheleʻia e 2 = $ 5.)

'Apili Nui Hiki = Loaʻa'AinaʻA nāʻAha Kuhi Loa no ka Wā

I ka makahiki 2000 a me ka 2001, $ 28,355,000,000 a me $ 31,691,000,000 ma ke kumukuai a me $ 31,691,000,000 ma ke kumukuai, me ka manao o ka waiwai he $ 30,023,000,000 ($ 28.355 biliona + $ 31.691 bakekani i puunaueia e 2 = $ 30.023 piliona). I ka makahiki 2001, ua hoʻonui ka hui i ka $ 22,859,000,000. Ke hoʻohanaʻia i ka hoʻopili waiwai waiwai,ʻike mākou he loaʻa ka helina o Alcoa .76138. Ke haʻi aku nei iāʻoe no kēlā me kēlā me kēia $ 1 o'Alcoa waiwai i loaʻa i ka makahiki 2001, kūʻai lilo aku i $ .76 waiwai o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe.

$ 22,859,000,000 mau loaʻa '$ 30,023,000,000 mau'ilā waiwai no ka makahiki = .76138, aiʻole $ 0.76 no kēlā me kēia $ 1 ke loaʻa kālā

Nā Kuleana Pūnaewele no ka Heluheluʻana i ka'Apili Nui

Aia kekahi mau lula nui e pono e mālamaʻia i ka heluʻana i ka hoʻololi waiwai. ʻO ka mea mua,ʻo ka hōʻailona waiwai ka mea e ana i ka holomua o kahiʻoihana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i kāna waiwai. ʻO kaʻoi aʻe o ka helu,ʻo ia ka maikaʻi,ʻoiai pono eʻike pono nā mea kālā i kahiʻoihana i kānaʻoihana.

He mea kūpono ke hoʻohālikelike i nāʻoihana pili likeʻole e like me nāʻoihana likeʻole i nāʻano likeʻole, nā waiwai waiwai, nāʻano, nā mākaʻi a me nā pono. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i kahi hale kūʻai o ke kihi kaiaulu o ka'āpana e lilo aku ana i mea nui ka wikiwiki aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana o ka mea hana i nā mea kikohuena pūnaewele a iʻole nā ​​mea hana hana kaumaha.

ʻO ka lua,ʻo kaʻoi aku o ka hōʻailona waiwai o ka hui,ʻo ka emi iho o kona mau'āpana kālā loaʻa he (aʻo ka visa versa). ʻO kēia no ka mea he nui nāʻoihana e lilo i ka palena haʻahaʻa, kiʻekiʻe nui loa e hiki ai ke ulu i ka ulu a me kaʻoihana waiwai. E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā mua ai i nā mea'ē aʻe,ʻo Wal-Mart ka mea koʻikoʻi o kēiaʻano.

ʻO ke kolu, he kūlana kūikawā paha kahi e hoʻokeleʻia ai ka hoʻoemi waiwai nui no ka mea he manaʻo ia i kālepaʻia nā huahana a kahiʻoihana a iʻole nā ​​mea'ē aʻe e pāʻani ana ma ka mākeke e alakaʻi i nā mea hana i ka manaʻo kūʻai kūʻaiʻole i ia manawa, ke kālepaʻana i ke kauʻana. ʻO kahi'āpana kālā aʻu e loaʻa nei i nā kumukūʻai kaumaha o ke kālā,ʻaʻole hiki ke kūʻai aku i ka nui o kāna huahana, akā, e hoʻopaʻa ana ia i loko o kahi lua pele a laila huliʻo ia e hoʻopau i ka hanaʻana ināʻoi aku ka uku kūʻaiʻana i ke kumukuai kūʻai o kēlā me kēia Troy ounce. ʻAʻole hōʻike kēia i ka hanaʻana o kaʻenehana i kekahi mea hewa, akā naʻe e hoʻonā i ka hopena o nā hōʻike kālā.

I ka wā lōʻihi,ʻo ka hoʻopaʻi a lākou e hōʻike nei, hiki i ka hopena o ka waiwai nui i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o nāʻeke. ʻO kēia kahi o nā kumu nui e hikiʻole ai iāʻoe ke nānā wale aku i ka hoʻohālikelike kaʻina waiwai waiwai a hiki i nā hopena paʻakikī a me ka wikiwiki; ponoʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu o ke alakaʻi a me ka noʻonoʻo pahaʻoe he pono ia i nā mea a me nā kūlana ma kahi i kēlā manawa.

ʻO ka'ōlelo kālā kālāʻo Alcoa

ʻO Alcoa
2001 Ka Hōʻai'ē Loaʻa
Ka pauʻana o ka manawa 31ʻOkakopa, 2001 ʻOi 31, 2000 31ʻOkakopa, 1999
Ka hōʻiliʻili kālā $ 22,859,000,000 $ 23,090,000,000 $ 16,447,000,000
Ka uku o nā uku $ 17,857,000,000,000 $ 17,342,000,000 $ 12,536,000,000
ʻO ka waiwai nui $ 5,002,000,000 $ 5,748,000,000 $ 3,911,000,000
ʻO Alcoa
2001 PalekanaʻAha Palena
Ka pauʻana o ka manawa 31ʻOkakopa, 2001 ʻOi 31, 2000 31ʻOkakopa, 1999
Māhele Lā Loa
Ka Long Term Investments $ 1,428,000,000 $ 1,072,000,000 $ 673,000,000
ʻO nā pono, nā mea kanu a me nā meahana $ 11,982,000,000 $ 14,323,000,000 $ 9,133,000,000
Hāʻawiʻia $ 9,133,000,000 $ 6,003,000,000 $ 1,328,000,000
Nā'Apili Mālohelohe $ 674,000,000 $ 821,000,000 $ 117,000,000
ʻO ka hoʻohui'āina hōʻemiʻia N / A N / A N / A
Nā'Aʻaleʻa'ē aʻe N / A N / A N / A
Nā Haʻawina Līkini Lā Loa Loa $ 1,746,000,000 $ 1,894,000,000 $ 1,015,000,000
Ka nui o nāʻAla $ 28,355,000,000 $ 31,691,000,000 $ 17,066,000,000